沉降监测的特点

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沉降监测的特点主要有：

1、
沉降监测精度要求高。

与其他测量工作相比，沉降监测的精度要求高，典型精度要求是1mm或对精度要求10^-6。确定合理的测量精度是很重要的，过高的精度要求沉降监测工作复杂，费用和时间增加，而精度定义太低又会增加沉降监测分析的难度，是所估计的沉降参数误差加大，甚至会得出不正确的结论。确定沉降监测的精度取决于沉降的大小， 速率，仪器和方法所能达到的最高精度以及沉降监测的目的等。

2、
沉降监测的重复观测

重复观测的频率取决于变形的大小，速度以及检测的目的。在工程建成初期，沉降的速度比较快，因此沉降监测的频率也要大些。经过一段时间后，工程趋于稳定，可以减少沉降监测的次数，但是要坚持定期做沉降检测。

3、
综合应用各种沉降监测的方法

沉降监测的方法多样，要在设计的时候权衡利弊，结合实际的工程，采用最合适的沉降检测方法。

4、
沉降监测数据处理要求严密

沉降量一般很小，有时甚至与观测精度处在同一量级，要从含有误差的沉降监测数据里分理出沉降信息，需要严密的数据处理方法。此外，在沉降监测的观测值中，经常含有粗差和系统误差，在估计沉降模型前要进行筛选，以保证沉降监测结果的正确性。另外，沉降模型一般是预先不知道的，需要仔细的鉴别和检验。

5、
沉降监测需要多学科知识的配合

在制定沉降检测精度，优化设计沉降监测方案，合理的分析沉降监测成果，特别是进行沉降的物理解释时，沉降监测工作者要熟悉所研究的沉降体。研究地壳变形，需要有地球物理的知识，研究工程变形，需要有土力学和土木工程的知识，在研究变形的机理方面，需要有力学方面的知识。

针对沉降监测的特点，北京大成信测许工介绍说：“北京大成信测科技有限公司的结构性沉降监测系统比传统意义的人工检测，在测量精度上具有明显优势，能避免人工监测的主观数据影响，使监测的数据具有客观性和精确性，实时的数据分析和对比，能更加准确的进行预测和提示，确保沉降监测的顺利运行。”

                                                                                            

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