我国铁路建设方向微调：城际与普通铁路成重点

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近日，国家发改委连续发布了《贯彻落实主体功能区战略推进主体功能区建设若干政策的意见》（下称意见），上述意见分别对主功能区基础设施建设尤其是交通建设有浓墨重彩的描述，而其中关于铁路的说法也颇有一些新意。

上述意见对此前刘志军主政期间大上特上的客运专线项目着意淡化，未来的建设方向则将指向城际铁路和普通铁路。

上述推进主功能区建设的意见在“促进重点开发区域加快新型工业化城镇化进程”一章中提到，未来要加快建设交通基础设施，尤其是城际铁路、市域铁路等大能力运输方式及综合交通枢纽。强化优化开发区域城市群内城市之间的内在联系与分工协作，适当分散特大城市中心城区的功能。

铁总的一位人士表示，最近所谓的“钱荒”对铁总影响不大，因为原铁道部自2011年下半年那次资金链断裂之后一直处于“钱荒”的状态，就一直没有充裕过。“虽然那次靠国务院协调让大行临时贷了3000亿元资金解了燃眉之急，但随后的资金投放就一直比较谨慎。”

为了应付这一资金困局，中国铁总总经理（原铁道部部长）盛光祖的策略是把城际铁路和市域铁路等地方支线铁路的融资和建设完全下放给地方，铁道部完全从中解套。

王梦恕称，以河南为例，河南对铁路网的规划中，城际铁路数目十分庞大，从郑州到其周边的一些地级市，基本都要建城际铁路，由此形成一个四通八达的铁路网。

广东省近期的铁路投资也很可观，其规划中的项目包括总投资609亿元的深圳至茂名铁路，总投资136亿元的广梅汕铁路扩能项目梅州至潮汕铁路等地方铁路。除此之外，粤省还将建造一张庞大紧凑的城际铁路网，根据2012年7月制定的规划实施方案，该城际网里程达1430公里，总投资达4000亿元，其中广珠、广佛首期两项目已通车，在建项目4个，共249公里，投资741亿元，2015年前拟开工11个，总投资1633亿元。以上各项目汇总起来，广东近期投资铁路的资金约在3000亿元。

除城际铁路外，上述意见中提到要“积极发展普通铁路，为大宗农产品提供大能力运输通道”。此前，普通铁路和大能力运输通道的建设目的主要是为煤炭等能源物质服务。

上述接近铁总的人士认为，从目前铁路货运的总体运能来看，其供给是基本平衡的，而随着未来几条重大长干线客专开通，与其平行的普通铁路的客运运量将部分释放为货运，这也是当初提出客运专线建设的一个初衷之一，因此继续建普通铁路恐将出现产能过剩。

铁路的建设过程中，什么最重要呢？北京大成信测许工介绍说：“在铁路的施工过程中，要充分考虑变形沉降，在施工过程中，只有采用精确的监测，才能保证施工的顺利进行和施工过程的安全。市面上的沉降性监测的产品主要有人工检测和自动化的监测两种，相比较而言，自动化的结构性沉降监测系统比传统意义的人工检测，在测量精度上具有明显优势，能避免人工监测的主观数据影响，使监测的数据具有客观性和精确性，实时的数据分析和对比，能更加准确的进行预测和提示，确保铁路的顺利建设和运行。

长期来看，自动化监测产品比人工检测在精度和准度方面有着不容置疑的优越性，智能监测系统将最终代替人工检测。

北京大成信测的DX-1000型自动化远程结构性沉降系统经过反复的调试和升级，，在实际的工程运用中已经显示出了这种优势，是最能适应普铁地铁高铁高速公路运用的结构性监测产品。”

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accused the Prime Minister of India Singer night issued a statement on the explosion condemned, and urged people to remain calm. India's Deputy Minister of the Ministry of the interior Prakash said: "obviously some terrorist organization created these attacks, they want to destroy our (different sectarian unity and peace)."
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A county chief from Chenzhou, Hunan Province Thursday said there is no evidence a local fruit vendor was killed due to a blow to the head during a physical conflict with a team of urban management officers, or chengguan, despite accusations from the dead man's family members and witnesses.
Deng Zhengjia, a fruit vendor from Linwu county, which is administered by Chenzhou, was selling watermelons on a street in Linwu without a permit on Wednesday morning with his wife Huang Xixi. The couple was fined 100 yuan ($16.30) by a team of patrolling chengguan and quarreled with them.
The couple then moved to another intersection where vendors are allowed to sell their products, but later fought again with the same group of chengguan. "They started to beat my uncle, and one of them hit him in the head and he fell down immediately," Deng Zhengjia's niece, who was at the scene, told the Global Times over the phone.

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